First, install the OS. Then, install SSH and configure it. Watch a tutorial for it, it’s not the simplest thing in the world. If you need not only terminal but also graphical access, then install and configure a VNC or RDP client, the tutorial is probably going to cover this though.
If you just want to learn linux though, it makes more sense to install it on a virtual machine in your windows system, or even on a separate partition.
My previous reply was erroneus. There are reports of those processors working properly, so they probably are fully supported on linux. I suggest you keep at it.
The first response of this thread has some other things to try: https://askubuntu.com/questions/1329587/intel-core-i7-8550u-cpu-frequency-drops-on-high-loads-on-ubuntu-20-04